Voltage, Current, and Impedance Diagram of Pure R, L, and C Circuit

Hey, in this article, we are going to see the Voltage, Current, and Impedance Diagram of Pure R, L, and C Circuit. Phasor diagrams are basically graphical representations that show the amplitude and phase relationships between voltage and current in AC circuits. These help us to analyze the phase differences, determine the power factor, and understand the behavior of AC circuits. On the other hand, the impedance diagram represents the magnitudes and phase angles of impedance in different components(e.g., Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor, etc) of an AC circuit. They are helpful in circuit analysis, especially for determining the total impedance in a circuit, calculating currents, and understanding the impedance triangle.

Pure Resistive Circuit (R)

A pure resistive circuit consists only of resistors and does not contain any inductors or capacitors. The impedance (Z) of a pure resistive circuit is simply equal to the resistance (R), and there is no reactive component. In a pure resistive circuit, the voltage (V) and current (I) are always in the same phase which means their magnitude reaches maximum and minimum values at the same time.

Phasor Diagram: You can see in the above phasor diagram of a pure resistive circuit, it is a simple horizontal line, where the voltage and current are in the same direction. In a pure R circuit, the Power Factor is Unity(1).

Impedance Diagram: You can see in the above impedance diagram of a pure resistive circuit, that the impedance (Z) is equal to the resistance (R), in the complex plane, the impedance vector is purely horizontal (real axis). Also, you can see it is a single vector along the real axis.

Pure Inductive Circuit (L)

A pure inductive circuit contains only inductors and does not contain any resistors or capacitors. Here the impedance is equal to the Inductive Reactance. In a pure inductive circuit, the current lags behind the voltage by a phase angle of 90 degrees.

Phasor Diagram: You can see in the above phasor diagram of a pure inductive circuit, the voltage phasor(VL) leads the current phasor by 90 degrees. In a Pure L Circuit, the power factor is Zero.

Impedance Diagram: You can see in the above impedance diagram of a pure inductive circuit, in the complex plane, the impedance vector is purely vertical (imaginary axis) with 90 degrees upward.

Pure Capacitive Circuit (C)

A pure capacitive circuit consists only of capacitors and does not contain any resistors or inductors. Here the impedance is equal to the capacitive resistance. In a pure capacitive circuit, the current leads the voltage by a phase angle of 90 degrees.

Phasor Diagram: You can see in the above phasor diagram of a pure inductive circuit, the current phasor leads the voltage phasor(VC) by 90 degrees. In a Pure C Circuit, the power factor is Zero.

Impedance Diagram: You can see in the above impedance diagram of a pure capacitive circuit, in the complex plane, the impedance vector points in the negative imaginary direction with 90 degrees downward.

Thank you for visiting the website. Keep visiting for more updates.